containerd

Documentation for setting Dragonfly's container runtime to containerd.

Prerequisites

Name	Version	Document
Kubernetes cluster	1.20+	kubernetes.io
Helm	v3.8.0+	helm.sh
containerd	v1.5.0+	containerd.io

Quick Start

Setup kubernetes cluster

Kind is recommended if no Kubernetes cluster is available for testing.

Create kind multi-node cluster configuration file kind-config.yaml, configuration content is as follows:

kind: Cluster
apiVersion: kind.x-k8s.io/v1alpha4
nodes:
  - role: control-plane
  - role: worker
  - role: worker

Create a kind multi-node cluster using the configuration file:

kind create cluster --config kind-config.yaml

Switch the context of kubectl to kind cluster:

kubectl config use-context kind-kind

Kind loads Dragonfly image

Pull Dragonfly latest images:

docker pull dragonflyoss/scheduler:latest
docker pull dragonflyoss/manager:latest
docker pull dragonflyoss/client:latest
docker pull dragonflyoss/dfinit:latest

Kind cluster loads Dragonfly latest images:

kind load docker-image dragonflyoss/scheduler:latest
kind load docker-image dragonflyoss/manager:latest
kind load docker-image dragonflyoss/client:latest
kind load docker-image dragonflyoss/dfinit:latest

Create Dragonfly cluster based on helm charts

Create the Helm Charts configuration file values.yaml. Please refer to the configuration documentation for details.

manager:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/manager
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

scheduler:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/scheduler
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

seedClient:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true

client:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
  dfinit:
    enable: true
    image:
      repository: dragonflyoss/dfinit
      tag: latest
    config:
      containerRuntime:
        containerd:
          configPath: /etc/containerd/config.toml
          registries:
            - hostNamespace: docker.io
              serverAddr: https://index.docker.io
              capabilities: ['pull', 'resolve']

Create a Dragonfly cluster using the configuration file:

$ helm repo add dragonfly https://dragonflyoss.github.io/helm-charts/
$ helm install --wait --create-namespace --namespace dragonfly-system dragonfly dragonfly/dragonfly -f values.yaml
NAME: dragonfly
LAST DEPLOYED: Mon Apr 28 10:59:19 2024
NAMESPACE: dragonfly-system
STATUS: deployed
REVISION: 1
TEST SUITE: None
NOTES:
1. Get the scheduler address by running these commands:
  export SCHEDULER_POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace dragonfly-system -l "app=dragonfly,release=dragonfly,component=scheduler" -o jsonpath={.items[0].metadata.name})
  export SCHEDULER_CONTAINER_PORT=$(kubectl get pod --namespace dragonfly-system $SCHEDULER_POD_NAME -o jsonpath="{.spec.containers[0].ports[0].containerPort}")
  kubectl --namespace dragonfly-system port-forward $SCHEDULER_POD_NAME 8002:$SCHEDULER_CONTAINER_PORT
  echo "Visit http://127.0.0.1:8002 to use your scheduler"

2. Get the dfdaemon port by running these commands:
  export DFDAEMON_POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace dragonfly-system -l "app=dragonfly,release=dragonfly,component=dfdaemon" -o jsonpath={.items[0].metadata.name})
  export DFDAEMON_CONTAINER_PORT=$(kubectl get pod --namespace dragonfly-system $DFDAEMON_POD_NAME -o jsonpath="{.spec.containers[0].ports[0].containerPort}")
  You can use $DFDAEMON_CONTAINER_PORT as a proxy port in Node.

3. Configure runtime to use dragonfly:
  https://d7y.io/docs/getting-started/quick-start/kubernetes/

Check that Dragonfly is deployed successfully:

$ kubectl get po -n dragonfly-system
NAME                                 READY   STATUS    RESTARTS      AGE
dragonfly-client-54vm5               1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-client-cvbln               1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-manager-864774f54d-njdhx   1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-mysql-0                    1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-redis-master-0             1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-redis-replicas-0           1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-redis-replicas-1           1/1     Running   0             5m10s
dragonfly-redis-replicas-2           1/1     Running   0             4m44s
dragonfly-scheduler-0                1/1     Running   0             37m
dragonfly-seed-client-0              1/1     Running   2 (27m ago)   37m

Containerd downloads images through Dragonfly

Pull alpine:3.19 image in kind-worker node:

docker exec -i kind-worker /usr/local/bin/crictl pull alpine:3.19

Verify

You can execute the following command to check if the alpine:3.19 image is distributed via Dragonfly.

# Find pod name.
export POD_NAME=$(kubectl get pods --namespace dragonfly-system -l "app=dragonfly,release=dragonfly,component=client" -o=jsonpath='{.items[?(@.spec.nodeName=="kind-worker")].metadata.name}' | head -n 1 )

# Find peer id.
export TASK_ID=$(kubectl -n dragonfly-system exec ${POD_NAME} -- sh -c "grep -hoP 'library/alpine.*task_id=\"\K[^\"]+' /var/log/dragonfly/dfdaemon/* | head -n 1")

# Check logs.
kubectl -n dragonfly-system exec -it ${POD_NAME} -- sh -c "grep ${TASK_ID} /var/log/dragonfly/dfdaemon/* | grep 'download task succeeded'"

The expected output is as follows:

{
  2024-04-19T02:44:09.259458Z  INFO
  "download_task":"dragonfly-client/src/grpc/dfdaemon_download.rs:276":: "download task succeeded"
  "host_id": "172.18.0.3-kind-worker",
  "task_id": "a46de92fcb9430049cf9e61e267e1c3c9db1f1aa4a8680a048949b06adb625a5",
  "peer_id": "172.18.0.3-kind-worker-86e48d67-1653-4571-bf01-7e0c9a0a119d"
}

More configurations

Multiple Registries

Method 1: Deploy using Helm Charts and create the Helm Charts configuration file values.yaml. Please refer to the configuration documentation for details.

manager:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/manager
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

scheduler:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/scheduler
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

seedClient:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true

client:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
  dfinit:
    enable: true
    image:
      repository: dragonflyoss/dfinit
      tag: latest
    config:
      containerRuntime:
        containerd:
          configPath: /etc/containerd/config.toml
          registries:
            - hostNamespace: docker.io
              serverAddr: https://index.docker.io
              capabilities: ['pull', 'resolve']
            - hostNamespace: ghcr.io
              serverAddr: https://ghcr.io
              capabilities: ['pull', 'resolve']

Method 2: Modify your config.toml (default location: /etc/containerd/config.toml), refer to registry-configuration-examples.

Notice: config_path is the path where containerd looks for registry configuration files.

# explicitly use v2 config format
version = 2

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
  config_path = "/etc/containerd/certs.d"

Create the registry configuration file /etc/containerd/certs.d/docker.io/hosts.toml:

Notice: The container registry is https://index.docker.io.

server = "https://index.docker.io"

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001"]
capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001".header]
X-Dragonfly-Registry = "https://index.docker.io"

Create the registry configuration file /etc/containerd/certs.d/ghcr.io/hosts.toml:

Notice: The container registry is https://ghcr.io.

server = "https://ghcr.io"

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001"]
capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001".header]
X-Dragonfly-Registry = "https://ghcr.io"

Restart containerd:

systemctl restart containerd

Private project

Deploy using Helm Charts and create the Helm Charts configuration file values.yaml. Please refer to the configuration documentation for details.

manager:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/manager
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

scheduler:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/scheduler
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

seedClient:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true

client:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
  dfinit:
    enable: true
    image:
      repository: dragonflyoss/dfinit
      tag: latest
    config:
      containerRuntime:
        containerd:
          configPath: /etc/containerd/config.toml
          registries:
            - hostNamespace: your_private_registry_host_addr
              serverAddr: your_private_registry_server_addr
              capabilities: ['pull', 'resolve']

Modify your config.toml (default location: /etc/containerd/config.toml), refer to configure-registry-credentials.

Notice：your_private_registry_host_addr is your private registry host address.

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."your_private_registry_host_addr".auth]
  username = "your_private_registry_username"
  password = "your_private_registry_password"
  auth = "your_private_registry_token"
[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry.configs."127.0.0.1:4001".auth]
  username = "your_private_registry_username"
  password = "your_private_registry_password"
  auth = "your_private_registry_token"

Restart containerd:

systemctl restart containerd

Container Registry using self-signed certificates

Use Harbor as an example of a container registry using self-signed certificates. Harbor generates self-signed certificate, refer to Harbor.

Install Dragonfly with Helm Charts

Create self-signed certificate secret for Seed Peer

Create seed client secret configuration file seed-client-secret.yaml, configuration content is as follows:

Notice: yourdomain.crt is Harbor's ca.crt.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: seed-client-secret
  namespace: dragonfly-system
type: Opaque
data:
  # the data is abbreviated in this example.
  yourdomain.crt: |
    MIIFwTCCA6mgAwIBAgIUdgmYyNCw4t+Lp/...

Create the secret through the following command:

kubectl apply -f seed-client-secret.yaml

Create self-signed certificate secret for Peer

Create client secret configuration file client-secret.yaml, configuration content is as follows:

Notice: yourdomain.crt is Harbor's ca.crt.

apiVersion: v1
kind: Secret
metadata:
  name: client-secret
  namespace: dragonfly-system
type: Opaque
data:
  # the data is abbreviated in this example.
  yourdomain.crt: |
    MIIFwTCCA6mgAwIBAgIUdgmYyNCw4t+Lp/...

Create the secret through the following command:

kubectl apply -f client-secret.yaml

Create Dragonfly cluster based on helm charts

Create helm charts configuration file values.yaml, configuration content is as follows:

• Support preheating for harbor with self-signed certificates, you need to change the manager.config.job.preheat.tls configuration, /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt is the harbor self-signed certificate configuration file. If you want to bypass TLS verification, please set insecureSkipVerify to true.

• Support dragonfly as registry of containerd for harbor with self-signed certificates, you need to change the client.config.proxy.registryMirror configuration and seedClient.config.proxy.registryMirror configuration, https://yourdomain.com is the harbor service address, /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt is the harbor self-signed certificate configuration file.

• Set the configuration of the containerd for harbor with self-signed certificates, you need to change the client.dfinit.config.containerRuntime.containerd.registries configuration, yourdomain.com is harbor registry host address, https://yourdomain.com is the Harbor service address. If you want to bypass TLS verification, please set skipVerify to true.

manager:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/manager
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066
    job:
      preheat:
        tls:
          insecureSkipVerify: false
          caCert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt
  extraVolumes:
    - name: client-secret
      secret:
        secretName: client-secret
  extraVolumeMounts:
    - name: client-secret
      mountPath: /etc/certs

scheduler:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/scheduler
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    pprofPort: 18066

seedClient:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    proxy:
      registryMirror:
        addr: https://yourdomain.com
        cert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt
  extraVolumes:
    - name: seed-client-secret
      secret:
        secretName: seed-client-secret
  extraVolumeMounts:
    - name: seed-client-secret
      mountPath: /etc/certs

client:
  image:
    repository: dragonflyoss/client
    tag: latest
  metrics:
    enable: true
  config:
    verbose: true
    proxy:
      registryMirror:
        addr: https://yourdomain.com
        cert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt
  extraVolumes:
    - name: client-secret
      secret:
        secretName: client-secret
  extraVolumeMounts:
    - name: client-secret
      mountPath: /etc/certs
  dfinit:
    enable: true
    image:
      repository: dragonflyoss/dfinit
      tag: latest
    config:
      containerRuntime:
        containerd:
          configPath: /etc/containerd/config.toml
          registries:
            - hostNamespace: yourdomain.com
              serverAddr: https://yourdomain.com
              capabilities: ['pull', 'resolve']
              skipVerify: true

Install Dragonfly with Binaries

Copy Harbor's ca.crt file to /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt.

cp ca.crt /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt

Install Dragonfly with Binaries, refer to Binaries.

Setup Manager and configure self-signed certificate

To support preheating for harbor with self-signed certificates, the Manager configuration needs to be modified.

Configure Manager yaml file, The default path in Linux is /etc/dragonfly/manager.yaml in linux, refer to Manager.

Notice: yourdomain.crt is Harbor's ca.crt.

job:
  # Preheat configuration.
  preheat:
    tls:
      # insecureSkipVerify controls whether a client verifies the server's certificate chain and hostname.
      insecureSkipVerify: false
      # # caCert is the CA certificate for preheat tls handshake, it can be path or PEM format string.
      caCert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt

Skip TLS verification, set job.preheat.tls.insecureSkipVerify to true.

job:
  # Preheat configuration.
  preheat:
    tls:
      # insecureSkipVerify controls whether a client verifies the server's certificate chain and hostname.
      insecureSkipVerify: true
      # # caCert is the CA certificate for preheat tls handshake, it can be path or PEM format string.
      # caCert: ''

Setup Dfdaemon as Seed Peer and configure self-signed certificate

Configure Dfdaemon yaml file, The default path in Linux is /etc/dragonfly/dfdaemon.yaml in linux, refer to Dfdaemon.

manager:
  addr: http://dragonfly-manager:65003
seedPeer:
  enable: true
  type: super
  clusterID: 1
proxy:
  registryMirror:
    # addr is the default address of the registry mirror. Proxy will start a registry mirror service for the
    # client to pull the image. The client can use the default address of the registry mirror in
    # configuration to pull the image. The `X-Dragonfly-Registry` header can instead of the default address
    # of registry mirror.
    addr: https://yourdomain.com
    ## cert is the client cert path with PEM format for the registry.
    ## If registry use self-signed cert, the client should set the
    ## cert for the registry mirror.
    cert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt

Setup Dfdaemon as Peer and configure self-signed certificate

Configure Dfdaemon yaml file, The default path in Linux is /etc/dragonfly/dfdaemon.yaml in linux, refer to Dfdaemon.

manager:
  addr: http://dragonfly-manager:65003
proxy:
  registryMirror:
    # addr is the default address of the registry mirror. Proxy will start a registry mirror service for the
    # client to pull the image. The client can use the default address of the registry mirror in
    # configuration to pull the image. The `X-Dragonfly-Registry` header can instead of the default address
    # of registry mirror.
    addr: https://yourdomain.com
    ## cert is the client cert path with PEM format for the registry.
    ## If registry use self-signed cert, the client should set the
    ## cert for the registry mirror.
    cert: /etc/certs/yourdomain.crt

Configure containerd self-signed certificate

Modify your config.toml (default location: /etc/containerd/config.toml), refer to registry-configuration-examples.

Notice: config_path is the path where containerd looks for registry configuration files.

# explicitly use v2 config format
version = 2

[plugins."io.containerd.grpc.v1.cri".registry]
  config_path = "/etc/containerd/certs.d"

Create the registry configuration file /etc/containerd/certs.d/yourdomain.com/hosts.toml:

Notice: https://yourdomain.com is the Harbor service address.

server = "https://yourdomain.com"

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001"]
capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]
ca = "/etc/certs/yourdomain.crt"

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001".header]
X-Dragonfly-Registry = "https://yourdomain.com"

To bypass the TLS verification for a private registry at yourdomain.com.

server = "https://yourdomain.com"

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001"]
capabilities = ["pull", "resolve"]
skip_verify = true

[host."http://127.0.0.1:4001".header]
X-Dragonfly-Registry = "https://yourdomain.com"

Restart containerd:

systemctl restart containerd

containerd downloads harbor images through Dragonfly

crictl pull yourdomain.com/alpine:3.19